Linux 常用命令整理
- 简 介
- 下 载
- 留 言
- 说 明
网络安全：查看Linux服务器是否被入侵
如果ps命令或netstat命令找不到，可以断定网络被入侵。
第一步：查看异常账户
last： 查看服务器近期登陆的账户记录
或者查看/var/log/secure日志，如果有除root外的用户登陆过，
检查/etc/passwd这个文件，看是否有异常账户，
有的话使用命令“usermod -L username” 禁用用户。
或则使用“userdel -r username” 删除用户。
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Linux终端使用技巧================================= Shift+Ctrl+T :新建标签页 Shift+Ctrl+W :关闭标签页 Ctrl+PageUp :前一标签页 Ctrl+PageDown :后一标签页 Shift+Ctrl+PageUp :标签页左移 Shift+Ctrl+PageDown :标签页右移 Alt+1 :切换到标签页1 Alt+2 :切换到标签页2 Alt+3 :切换到标签页3 Shift+Ctrl+N :新建窗口 Shift+Ctrl+Q :关闭终端 终端中的复制／粘贴 : Shift+Ctrl+C :复制 Shift+Ctrl+V :粘贴 终端改变大小 ： F11 :全屏 Ctrl+plus :放大 Ctrl+minus :减小 Ctrl+0 :原始大小 |
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# ------ Linux basic :FR --------------------------- # configure the Global environment variable # modify the /etc/bashrc, /etc/vimrc with su root # ------ Generic Symbol :FR ------------------------ / : root directory ~ : usr directory ./ : current directory path .. : up directory path !cmd : invoke last command (history) & : run job in background # --- create a linux user and group :FR ---------- adduser user_name : you must have root privilege passwd user_name : set the password for the user su user_name : change user account and need the user password id : print read and effective user and group IDs newgrp svn_proj : log in to a new group whoami : display the user name man cmd : manual and input "q" to quit man command # ------ file operation :FR ----------------------- ls : list the directory and files ls -a : list all includes hidden directory and files ls -l : format list ll -a : format list cd : change directory to the /home/user cd ~ : ~ means the /home/user directory cd dir_path : go to the dir_path directory pwd : present working directory mkdir dir : create a directory touch file : create a file vi file : vi editor gvim file : gvim editor cat file : look at the file context on terminal more file : view the file less file : view the file like gvim or vi chmod 777 dir : change r/w/x property chmod a+x file : file will be executed by all chmod [ugoa]+[rwx] file|dir chown user:group files|directory : change file owner and group chgrp gourp_name files : change file group cp -f file1 file2 : copy file1 to file2 cp -r dir1 dir2 : copy directory recursively mv file1 dir|file2 : move (or rename) file1 to file2 wc file : count lines words and characters wc -w file : count word of file wc -l file : count line rm file : remove file rm -r dir : remove dir* (recursive) rm -f file : enforced to remove file (force) rm -rf dir : enforced to remove dir* ln -s file link : create a symbolic link to file grep pattern file : search pattern matched in file grep error sim.log : grep -r pattern dir : search pattern incursively in directory find / -name file_name : search the file from / directory find /etc -name '*con*': find / -size +100M : grep ERROR cmp.log > error.log grep ERROR sim.log >> error.log cat > file : sample the standard input and put them into the file cmd | grep pattern : search pattern in cmd output grep -nir ERROR sim.log | tee -a error.log rpm -qa | grep vim cat /etc/passwd | grep /bin/bash | wc -l man ls | col -b > ls_man.txt #------ pack files :FR ------------------------- tar -cvf file.tar files : create a tar file tar -xvf file.tar : extract a tar file tar -czvf file.tar.gz files : create a gzip file tar -xzvf file.tar.gz tar -cjvf file.tar.bz2 files : create a bzip2 file tar -xjvf file.tar.bz2 gzip file : create a file.gz file gzip -d file.gz : # ------ install rpm package :FR------------------ rpm -qa : query all installed RPM packages rpm -ivh RPM.rpm : install RPM package ./configure : configure the rpm source make make install yum : yellowdog update modifier #------ process manage :FR------------------------- ps : display the current active process top : display all process of the OS; press the key "q" to quit kill -9 pid : stop the pid process killall proc : stop all of the proc process bg : list the suspended job in background fg : resume the last suspended job in foreground #------ system info :FR---------------------------- df : report file system disk space usage df -hT : df -i : list inode information instead of block usage du -b|k|m file|dir : estimate file space usage du -s file|dir : summary du -sm file|dir cat /proc/cpuinfo : show CUP information cat /proc/meminfo : show memory information date : display system time date +%Y%m%d date +%s date +%N cal : display calendar uptime : w : display who logon and what are doing whoami : print effective userid uname -a : display all OS system info which cmd : show the full path of the cmd su root|usr : change the usr exit : usr shell quit echo $PATH : show the variable clear : clear the info on the terminal history : show the command history !cmd : invoke the last cmd make : invoke Makefile make clean; make cpl; make sim : # ------ network info :FR--------------------- ping host|IP : ping IP address and print the result hostname : display system host name ifconfig -a : configure the network # ------ hot key :FR ------------------------- ctrl + c : stop the current command ctrl + z : suspend the job and put it into background 'fg' can be used to resume the job free the license and take it soon ctrl + d : display directory in cd command |
Ubunt vbox share: sudo usermod -aG vboxsf $(whoami)
1. strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBC
2. find / -name "libstdc++.so*"
3. ln -s libstdc++.so.6.0.21 libstdc++.so.6
4. strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBC
不错