Windows API学习-单选按钮、复选框、分组框控件(1)


单选按钮(Radio Button)和复选框(Check Box)是常见的Windows控件,用于从给出的选项中选择一项或多项
单选按钮是互斥的,只能选择其中一项;而复选框没有限制,可以选择一项或多项。

单选按钮和复选框都是一种特殊的按钮,窗口类名称都是button,只不过增加了一些特殊的窗口样式罢了。单选按钮的样式为BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,复选框的样式为BS_AUTOCHECKBOX。要想为单选按钮分组,可以增加WS_GROUP样式。设置了 WS_GROUP 样式的单选框为一组中的首元素,随后的所有单选按钮都和它在同一组,直到下一个设置了 WS_GROUP 样式的单选按钮。

下面的代码,将实现上图中所示的单选按钮和复选框:

//窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
    HDC hdc;
    static HFONT hFont;  //逻辑字体
    //一组单选按钮
    static HWND labSex;  //静态文本框--性别
    static HWND radioMale;  //单选按钮--男
    static HWND radioFemale;  //单选按钮--女
    //一组单选按钮
    static HWND labMarriage;  //静态文本框--婚姻状况
    static HWND radioMarried;  //单选按钮--已婚
    static HWND radioSingle;  //单选按钮--未婚
    static HWND radioSecrecy;  //单选按钮--保密
    //一组复选框
    static HWND labPet;  //静态文本框--你的宠物
    static HWND checkboxDog;  //复选框--狗
    static HWND checkboxCat;  //复选框--猫
    static HWND checkboxFish;  //复选框--鱼
    static HWND checkboxOther;  //复选框--其他
    switch (message){
        case  WM_CREATE:
            hFont = CreateFont(
                -14, -7, 0, 0, 400,
                FALSE, FALSE, FALSE,DEFAULT_CHARSET,
                OUT_CHARACTER_PRECIS, CLIP_CHARACTER_PRECIS, DEFAULT_QUALITY,
                FF_DONTCARE, TEXT("微软雅黑")
            );
            //选择性别
            labSex = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("static"), TEXT("你的性别:"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE | SS_RIGHT/*文字居右*/,
                10, 10, 80, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)1, hInst, NULL
            );
            radioMale = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("button"), TEXT("男"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT/*文字居左*/ | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON /*单选按钮*/ | WS_GROUP,
                95, 10, 50, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)2, hInst, NULL
            );
            radioFemale = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("button"), TEXT("女"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,
                150, 10, 50, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)2, hInst, NULL
            );
            //选择婚姻状况
            labMarriage = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("static"), TEXT("婚姻状况:"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE | SS_RIGHT,
                10, 40, 80, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)4, hInst, NULL
            );
            radioMarried = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("button"), TEXT("已婚"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON | WS_GROUP,
                95, 40, 65, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)5, hInst, NULL
            );
            radioSingle = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("button"), TEXT("未婚"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,
                165, 40, 65, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)6, hInst, NULL
            );
            radioSecrecy = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("button"), TEXT("保密"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,
                235, 40, 100, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)7, hInst, NULL
            );
            //你的宠物
            labPet = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("static"), TEXT("你的宠物:"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE | SS_RIGHT,
                10, 70, 80, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)8, hInst, NULL
            );
           
            checkboxDog = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("button"), TEXT("狗"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX/*复选框*/,
                95, 70, 50, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)9, hInst, NULL
            );
            checkboxCat = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("button"), TEXT("猫"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX,
                150, 70, 50, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)10, hInst, NULL
            );
            checkboxFish = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("button"), TEXT("鱼"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX,
                205, 70, 50, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)11, hInst, NULL
            );
            checkboxOther = CreateWindow(
                TEXT("button"), TEXT("其他"),
                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_LEFT | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX,
                260, 70, 65, 26,
                hWnd, (HMENU)11, hInst, NULL
            );
            SendMessage(labSex, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(radioMale, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(radioFemale, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(labMarriage, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(radioMarried, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(radioSingle, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(radioSecrecy, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(labPet, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(checkboxDog, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(checkboxCat, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(checkboxFish, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            SendMessage(checkboxOther, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, NULL);
            break;
        case WM_PAINT:
            hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
            // TODO:  在此添加任意绘图代码...
            EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
            break;
        case WM_DESTROY:
            PostQuitMessage(0);
            break;
        default:
            return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
    return 0;
}

运行效果:
8.png